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Cyril of Jerusalem ((ギリシア語:Κύριλλος Α΄ Ἱεροσολύμων, ''Kýrillos A Ierosolýmon''); (ラテン語:Cyrillus Hierosolymitani)) was a distinguished theologian of the early Church ( 313〔Walsh, Michael, ed. ''Butler's Lives of the Saints.'' (HarperCollins Publishers: New York, 1991), pp 83.〕 386 AD). He is venerated as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion. In 1883, Cyril was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Leo XIII. He is highly respected in the Palestinian Christian Community. About the end of 350 AD he succeeded Maximus as Bishop of Jerusalem, but was exiled on more than one occasion due to the enmity of Acacius of Caesarea, and the policies of various emperors. Cyril left important writings documenting the instruction of catechumens and the order of the Liturgy in his day. ==Life and character== Little is known of his life before he became a bishop; the assignment of his birth to the year 315 rests on conjecture.〔(Jackson, Samuel Macauley,ed., "Cyril of Jersusalem", ''New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge'', (3rd ed.) p.334, London and New York, Funk & Wagnalls, 1914 )〕 According to Butler, Cyril was born at or near the city of Jerusalem, and was apparently well-read in both the Church fathers and the pagan philosophers.〔(Butler, Alban. ''The Lives or the Fathers, Martyrs and Other Principal Saints'' Vol. III, D. & J. Sadlier, & Company, 1864 )〕 Cyril was ordained a deacon by Bishop St. Macarius of Jerusalem in about 335 and a priest some eight years later by Bishop St. Maximus. About the end of 350 he succeeded St. Maximus in the See of Jerusalem.〔 *"Lives of the Saints, For Every Day of the Year" edited by Rev. Hugo Hoever, S.O.Cist., Ph.D., New York: Catholic Book Publishing Co., 1955, p. 112〕〔The evidence for this is the ''Catecheses'' by Cyril where he continually refers to himself as bishop〕〔Jerome gives a dark account of how Cyril came to be appointed as Bishop of Jerusalem, claiming that “Cyril was an out and out Arian, was offered the see on Maximus' death on the condition that he would repudiate his ordination at the hands of that Bishop”.(Yarnold (2000), p4) Jerome had personal reasons for being malicious, though, and, the story may simply be a case of Cyril conforming to proper church order.Young (2004), p186〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cyril of Jerusalem」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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